Isingeniso
Ekwenziweni kwesimanjemanje, i-industrial automation, kanye nokufakwa uphawu komkhiqizo, ukulandeleka okuhlala njalo akusakhethwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inombolo ye-serial engxenyeni ye-aerospace titanium, ibhakhodi kusirinji yepulasitiki yezokwelapha, noma ilogo yenkampani eyinkimbinkimbi kudivayisi kagesi yabathengi, ukuhlonza{1}}okunemba okuphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ikhwalithi okuqinile, ukuthobela imithetho, kanye nezinyathelo zokulwa{2}}nomgunyathi. Ukuze kuzuzwe leli zinga laphakade lokuhlonza, izikhungo zokukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke zithembele kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-laser obuthuthukisiwe. Kodwa-ke, ngobuningi bobuchwepheshe, ubude beza be-laser, izinketho zamandla, namasudi esofthiwe atholakalayo emakethe evulekile namuhla, ukukhetha okokusebenza okuyiwona kungasheshe kube umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi futhi onzima kakhulu.
Enkabeni yalesi sidingo esibalulekile sokukhiqiza kumi umshini wokumaka we-laser oguquguqukayo futhi onamandla. Idizayinelwe ukusebenzisana nenqwaba yama-substrates ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-inki esetshenziswayo, izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali, noma ukuthintana ngokomzimba, lawa masistimu athuthukisiwe ashintsha unomphela izindawo ezibonakalayo ngezinqubo ezilawulwayo ezishisayo, zamakhemikhali, noma ezikhihliza amagwebu. Ngenxa yokuthi izinsimbi namapulasitiki anezinhlaka zamakhemikhali ezihluke kakhulu, ama-coefficients e-thermal conductivity, kanye nezakhiwo zokumuncwa kwe-optical, umshini owenza kahle kakhulu ekumaka insimbi eluhlaza ungase uhluleke ngokuphelele noma ulimaze ngokwesakhiwo amapholima athambile. Ukuzulazula kulezi zinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe kudinga ukuqonda okuphelele kwemithombo ye-laser, amapharamitha okusebenza, kanye{3}}nezidingo eziqondile zohlelo lokusebenza. Lo mhlahlandlela wezimboni obanzi udiliza konke odinga ukukwazi ukuze ukhethe umshini wokumaka we-laser ongcono kakhulu wezidingo zakho ezithile zokucubungula insimbi nepulasitiki.
Ukuqonda I-Core Laser Technologies: I-Fiber, i-UV, ne-CO2 Systems
Isinyathelo esiyisisekelo ekukhetheni isixazululo esifanele sokumaka ukuqonda ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile obutholakala emakethe yezimboni. Imishini yokumaka i-laser ihlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngemithombo yayo yokukhanya yangaphakathi, ngayinye ikhiqiza ubude beza obuhlukile obusebenzisana nezinto zokusetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihluke kakhulu.
Imishini yokumaka i-fiber laser isebenzisa i-fiber engavamile-yasemhlabeni{1}}eyi-doped optical fibre njengendlela yokuthola inzuzo, ekhiqiza eduze-i-infrared wavelength ecishe ibe ngu-1064nm. Le nsimbi ye-infrared ephezulu-ifaneleka ngokuhlukile{6}}ezinsimbi, okuhlanganisa insimbi engagqwali, i-aluminium, ithusi, igolide, isiliva, ne-titanium. Ukugxila okukhulu kwamandla kukhiqiza amamaki aphezulu{8}okugqamayo, okuqoshiwe okujulile, nokushiswa kwendawo okuhlanzekile okungamelana nezimo ezibucayi zezimboni kanye namakhemikhali abolayo. Nakuba ama-laser e-fiber ejwayelekile angaphinda amake amapulasitiki athile onjiniyela aqinile ngokusebenzisa i-thermal carbonization, ngezinye izikhathi angabangela ukuncibilika, ukubhibhidla, noma ukushiswa uma kungalungiswanga kahle.
Imishini yokumaka ye-laser ye-Ultraviolet (UV) isebenza ngobude obufushane kakhulu be-wavelength obungu-355nm, efinyelelwa ngamakristalu akhethekile{1}}angewona alayini. Okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukumaka okubandayo," ama-laser e-UV aphula amaketanga amangqamuzana ngokuqondile ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali ezithombe kunokuthembela kakhulu ekuhlakazweni okushisayo okushisayo. Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele senza amasistimu e-UV abe yinketho yokugcina kumapulasitiki athambile noma ashisayo{4}}azwelayo, amafilimu amancanyana, nama-polymers ezokwelapha, avimbela ukungqubuzana, ukubhuquza kwesakhiwo, noma ukuguquguquka kombala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amalaser e-UV angamaka izinhlobonhlobo zezinsimbi nezinto ezikhanyayo ngokunemba okwedlulele kanye{6}}nemininingwane emincane.
Imishini yokumaka i-CO2 laser isebenza kude-ku-infrared spectrum kuma-micrometer angu-10.6. Yize zisebenza kahle kakhulu ezintweni eziphilayo njengokhuni, isikhumba, iphepha, kanye{4}}nopulasitiki abathile abangabonisi ukukhanya, ubude bawo bubonakala kakhulu ngezinto ezisansimbi. Ngakho-ke, uma ulayini wakho wokukhiqiza oyinhloko uhlanganisa inhlanganisela yezinsimbi ezingenalutho namapulasitiki obunjiniyela ahlukahlukene, uhlelo lwendabuko lwe-CO2 ngeke lwanele, okwenza ubuchwepheshe be-fiber kanye ne-UV kube yizimbangi eziyinhloko zemigqa yokukhiqiza yesimanje.
Ukuhambisana Kwezinto ezibonakalayo: Ukufanisa i-Laser nezinsimbi kanye nePlastiki
Uma uhlelo lwakho lokukhiqiza ludinga ukucutshungulwa kokubili izinsimbi namapulasitiki, ukuhambisana kwezinto kunquma ukucaciswa kobuchwepheshe bemishini yakho. Izinsimbi zidinga amandla aphezulu aphezulu kanye namazinga athile okumunca, kuyilapho amapulasitiki asabela ngokuqinile kukucindezeleka okushisayo, okudinga ukulawula okunembayo ukuze kugwenywe ukuwohloka kwesakhiwo.
Lapho umaka izinsimbi, ama-fiber lasers abusa kakhulu. Izinsimbi zimunca kalula ubude begagasi be-infrared obungu-1064nm, okuvumela i-laser ukuthi ifudumale ngokushesha, ikhiphe, noma ishintshe umbala ukuze idale izimpawu ezimnyama ezingapheli, imiphumela emhlophe yokuhlanganisa, noma isikhunta sesakhiwo esijulile. Uma usebenza ngezinsimbi eziyigugu ezikhazimulayo njengethusi noma igolide, i-laser eluhlaza noma i-laser ekhethekile ye-UV kwesinye isikhathi ingafinyelela imininingwane ecokeme, kodwa ezinsimbini ezijwayelekile zezimboni njenge-carbon steel ne-aluminium, umshini wokumaka oqinile we-fiber laser uletha isivinini nokuthembeka okungenakuqhathaniswa.
Ipulasitiki, nokho, iletha inselele ehlukahlukene. Amapulastiki akhiwe ngezithasiselo zamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene, izinqamuleli zomlilo, nama-filler asabela ngokuhlukile ekukhanyeni kwe-laser. Amanye amapulasitiki obunjiniyela, afana ne-ABS, i-polycarbonate, ne-PVC, angamakwa kahle kusetshenziswa i-fibre laser noma i-MOPA fibre laser (evumela ubude be-pulse obushintshayo), idale imiphumela ekhihliza amagwebu noma ye-carbonization eveza izinhlamvu ezimnyama, ezifundekayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amapulasitiki ezokwelapha azwelayo, amafilimu okupakisha, nama-polymer ashintshashintshayo adinga umshini wokumaka we-laser we-UV ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugqama,{3}okuphakeme{3}okugqamayo, okonakaliswa{4}}kwamamaki amahhala ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela okushisayo. Ukuhlaziya ukwakheka okuqondile kwe-polymer yezingxenye zakho zepulasitiki kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekuthengeni umshini.
Amapharamitha Okusebenza Okubalulekile: Amandla, Isivinini, kanye nekhwalithi ye-Beam
Uma usukhombe ubude beza be-laser obufanele bemiksi yakho yezinto ezibonakalayo, kufanele uhlole imingcele yokusebenza ethonya ngokuqondile ukusebenza, ukunemba, kanye -nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.
Amandla e-laser, akalwa ngama-watts, asho ukuthi umshini ungasebenza ngokushesha kangakanani futhi ujule kangakanani. Ngokuqoshwa kwensimbi okuvamile, ukuhlanzwa, nokumaka indawo, i-laser yefayibha engu-20W ukuya ku-30W ngokuvamile yanele. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ludinga ukuqoshwa kwesikhunta sensimbi esijulile noma{4}}ukuhlanganiswa komugqa wokukhiqiza wesivinini esikhulu, ukuthuthukela ku-50W, 100W, noma i-laser yefayibha yamandla aphezulu kuyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe izikhathi zomjikelezo. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zokumaka zepulasitiki ye-UV, izilinganiso zamandla aphansi asuka ku-3W ukuya ku-15W ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngoba amandla amaningi angonakalisa ama-polymer substrates athambile.
Ikhwalithi ye-beam, ebonakala ngamapharamitha afana ne-M-i-squared factor kanye nosayizi wendawo okugxilwe kuyo, inquma ukulungiswa kokugcina kwezimpawu zakho. -Isigxobo se-laser yekhwalithi ephezulu sigxila phansi kuze kufike endaweni encane, evumela ukusetshenziswa-kombhalo omncane, amakhodi e-matrix edatha eyinkimbinkimbi, izinombolo ze-serial, kanye nezithombe zevekhtha eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kokufiphazwa. Ngokuhambisana-namakhanda okuskena ama-galvanometer edijithali aphezulu, umshini wokumaka wekhwalithi we-laser ungafinyelela izivinini zokumaka ezedlula amamilimitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ngesekhondi ngaphandle kokudela ukunemba. Ukuhlola ibhalansi phakathi kwe-laser wattage, ubude bokugxila kwelensi, nobukhulu benkambu yokumaka kuqinisekisa ukuthi isistimu yakho oyikhethile ihlangabezana kokubili okufunwayo okunembayo kanye nezilinganiso zakho zokukhiqiza zevolumu.
Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesoftware, Ergonomics, kanye Nendawo Esebenzayo
Izingxenye zehadiwe zomshini wokumaka we-laser zisebenza kuphela njenge-software ezilawulayo nendawo ezisebenza kuyo. Izinhlelo zesimanje ze-laser yezimboni zithembele kusofthiwe yokulawula eyinkimbinkimbi-efana ne-EZCAD noma amasudi obunikazi{2}}asekela izithombe ze-vector, amafonti e-TrueType, izinombolo ze-serial ezizenzakalelayo, ukukhiqizwa kwebhakhodi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwesizindalwazi esiqondile.
Lapho uhlanganisa umshini ekuhambeni komsebenzi wakho, cabangela uhlobo lwefomu lomzimba kanye nesigaba sokuphepha esivalekile. Imishini yokumaka ye-laser yekilasi loku-1 ihlinzeka ngezihlangu zokuphepha neminyango ezishintshayo, ivikela opharetha emisebeni ye-laser elahlekile kanye nokugcwalisa imithetho eqinile yokuphepha emsebenzini. Vula-amamodeli ozimele noma ebhentshiphu anikeza ukuguquguquka kwezingxenye zensimbi ezinomumo oweqile noma ongajwayelekile, inqobo nje uma kusetshenziswa izembatho zamehlo ezifanele zokuphepha nezithiyo zokuzivikela. Ukwengeza, hlola izidingo zokupholisa; kuyilapho amayunithi wamandla aphansi{{5}ethembele ekupholiseni komoya okusebenzayo,{6}ukulungiswa kwezimboni zamandla aphezulu kuvame ukudinga ama-water chiller akhethekile ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa elizinzile phakathi nokukhiqizwa kwamashifu amaningi{7}}okuningi okuqhubekayo.
Ukugcinwa, Izinqubo Zokuphepha, Nezindleko Ziphelele Zobunikazi
Ukutshala imali emshinini wokumaka{0}}osebenza kakhulu we-laser kudinga ukubheka ngale kwentengo yokuqala yokuthenga ukuze kubalwe-ingqikithi yezindleko zesikhathi eside zobunikazi (TCO). Ngokungafani nezinhlelo ze-inkjet zendabuko noma{3}}zechashazi{3}}ezidinga ukuthengwa okuqhubekayo koyinki, amaribhoni, noma izikhonkwane ezishintshayo, amasistimu e-laser ayasebenziseka-mahhala. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa okufanele kokuvikela kanye nokunamathela ngokuqinile ezimisweni zokuphepha kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini nokuvikela abasebenzi bakho.
Ukugcinwa okujwayelekile komshini wokumaka we-fiber noma we-UV laser kuncane kakhulu. Ama-opharetha kufanele ngezikhathi ezithile ahlanze ilensi yokugxilisa amehlo esebenzisa izinto zokusula ezikhethekile kanye notshwala be-isopropyl ukuze basuse uthuli, izinsalela zentuthu, noma udoti okhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokumaka. Ukwengeza, ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya ngendlela efanele kanye nokukhipha intuthu kubalulekile, njengoba ukumaka amapulasitiki athile kungakhulula amagesi ayingozi noma izinhlayiya{2}}ezincane emoyeni.
Ukuqeqeshwa kokuphepha kungenye ingxenye ebalulekile yokuphatha ukusebenza. Amalaza ahlukaniswa ngamaleveli engozi, anemithombo yelaser yekilasi lesi-4 edinga izindawo ezivalekile zokuphepha eziqinile, izingidi, nezingilazi zokuphepha ze-laser eziqinisekisiwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwamehlo noma kwesikhumba ngengozi. Ngokuhlanganisa ukuhlanza okujwayelekile okufanelekile, ukuhlunga komoya okusebenzayo, kanye nezimiso eziqinile zokuphepha zabaqhubi, izindawo zokukhiqiza zingaqinisekisa iminyaka yokusebenza okungaphazamiseki, okuthembeke kakhulu kokukhiqiza.
Amathrendi Asafufusa: Okuzenzakalelayo, Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI, kanye Nokuhambisana Kwezimboni 4.0
Njengoba izinguquko zesimanje zokukhiqiza zingena ngokugcwele enkathini ye-Industrial 4.0, indima yomshini wokumaka i-laser iye yanda ngale kwezindawo zokusebenza ezizimele ezizimele zaba yizinto ezizenzakalelayo, ezihlakaniphile zokukhiqiza imvelo. Izinkundla zokumaka ezithuthukile zanamuhla ziya ngokuya zihlonyiswa ngezici ezihlakaniphile ezithuthukisa ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi futhi zinciphise amaphutha abantu.
Enye intuthuko enkulu ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zokubona komshini ngqo ekhanda lokumaka le-laser. Amakhamera ahlakaniphile-anokucaca okuphezulu angahlola umsebenzi ngaphambi kokumaka ukuze aqinisekise ukubekwa okulungile nokuma kwawo, futhi ahlole ngokushesha ibhakhodi emakiwe, ikhodi ye-QR, noma umbhalo ngemva kwalokho ukuze alinganise ukufundeka kwawo ngokumelene nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe. Uma ikhodi yehluleka ukuhlola ukuqinisekiswa, isistimu ingahlaba umkhosi ngokuzenzakalelayo noma yenqabe ingxenye, ivimbele izinto ezinokukhubazeka ukuthi zinganyakazi phansi ochungechungeni lokunikezela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumeka kwamafu namandla e-IoT (I-inthanethi Yezinto) kuvumela abaphathi bezitshalo ukuthi baqaphe ukusebenza kwe-laser, amamethrikhi okulandelela afana namahora e-diode, ukuphuma kwamandla e-laser, namavolumu okukhipha nsuku zonke ngesikhathi-sangempela. Le ndlela yokubikezela yokulungisa inciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula esingalindelekile futhi iqinisekisa ikhwalithi engaguquki kuyo yonke-imisebenzi yokukhiqiza emikhulu.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha umshini wokumaka we-laser ongcono kakhulu wensimbi namapulasitiki kuyisinqumo esibalulekile esithinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye{0}}nezindleko zokukhiqiza zesikhathi eside. Ngokuhlaziya ngokucophelela izici ezibonakalayo eziyingqayizivele zama-substrates akho, ukuqonda imingcele yokusebenza kwe-fiber, i-UV, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-laser ye-CO2, nokuhlola imingcele ebalulekile njengokuphuma kwamandla, ikhwalithi ye-beam, ukuhlanganiswa kwesofthiwe, nokuhambisana kokuzenzakalela, unganqamula umsindo wemakethe futhi utshale{3}isixazululo sobufakazi esizayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga insimbi eqinile-ubuciko bokuqopha besistimu yefayibha noma ukunemba,{6}}okuphakeme okugqamile kwesithombe somshini we-UV, okokusebenza okufanelekile kushintsha ukuhlonza okuhlala njalo kube impahla engenamthungo,{7}}yejubane eliphezulu yebhizinisi lakho.